Hearing Loss: Definition and Effects
Hearing loss is a condition in which auditory stimuli are not transmitted to the brain or the ear has problems perceiving sounds. This type of hearing loss can be congenital or acquired. Hearing loss results in a partial reduction or complete loss of hearing. If the hearing loss develops later, it usually occurs gradually. Therefore, early diagnosis of hearing loss can be difficult.
Hearing loss can occur at any age, but the risk is higher with advancing age. Hearing loss can also differ depending on gender. Men tend to suffer more hearing loss than women. It has been observed that more than 10 per cent of men aged 65-74 years experience hearing loss.
Causes of Hearing Loss
Hearing loss can be congenital (congenital) or acquired (acquired). Congenital hearing loss can also develop due to genetic and non-genetic causes. Non-genetic hearing loss can often be caused by infection in the womb or prematurity. Genetic hearing loss is often associated with certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome. Subsequent hearing loss may differ according to its causes. These include noise exposure, hard blows to the head, ageing and ear infections. Some diseases can also cause temporary or permanent hearing loss.
Sudden Hearing Loss
Sudden hearing loss refers to a sudden and unexpected loss of hearing. This type of hearing loss is characterised by a loss of at least 30 decibels at hearing frequencies and usually lasts for more than 3 days. People with sudden hearing loss usually have no previous hearing problems and the exact cause may be unclear at first. According to research, 10 out of every 100 people have experienced sudden hearing loss and it usually affects only one ear.
Symptoms of Hearing Loss
Hearing loss can be acquired or congenital and may not always have obvious symptoms. However, some symptoms of hearing loss can be:
- Difficulty in distinguishing sounds in crowded environments
- Perceiving speech as mumbling or whispering
- Frequently asking the person speaking to repeat themselves
- Frequently asking the person speaking to repeat themselves
- Difficulty following conversations in public
- Increased focus on the lips of the speakers
- Feeling as if the ear is blocked
- Hearing sounds such as buzzing, ringing or whistling in the ear
Treatment of Hearing Loss
Hearing loss can be treated or not, depending on the cause. The treatment depends on the specific condition that caused the hearing loss.
- Hearing loss caused by pollution or foreign bodies in the external auditory canal can usually be solved with a minor surgical intervention.
- Hearing loss due to otitis media can be treated with antibiotics.
- If the otitis media is chronic, the problem often requires a surgical intervention.
- Hearing losses related to the inner ear do not respond to medical treatments and aids such as hearing aids may be needed.
- In cases of severe hearing loss, more serious treatment methods such as cochlear implants or hearing implants may be considered.
As a result, hearing loss can develop due to various causes and treatment options may vary depending on the cause and degree. A person experiencing hearing loss should consult a specialist to find a definitive solution to their hearing problems.